TW EN

leaf Science-backed Foundation

Building Evidence
from Mechanism to Clinic

TWK10® research spans nutrition, metabolism, performance, muscle health, and healthy aging, supported by both mechanistic and human clinical studies.

More than 400 participants validated, in multinational clinical studies, protected by international patents
TWK10

Backed by Peer-Reviewed Science

Exercise Performance

  1. Chen, Y.-M., Wei, L., Chiu, Y.-S., Hsu, Y.-J., Tsai, T.-Y., Wang, M.-F., & Huang, C.-C. (2016). Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 supplementation improves exercise performance and increases muscle mass in mice. Nutrients, 8(4), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8040205 【Animal】

    TWK10 increased muscle mass and exercise endurance in mice while reducing fatigue-related markers.

  2. Huang, W.-C., Hsu, Y.-J., Li, H., Kan, N.-W., Chen, Y.-M., Lin, J.-S., Hsu, T.-K., Tsai, T.-Y., Chiu, Y.-S., & Huang, C.-C. (2018). Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 on improving endurance performance in humans. Chinese Journal of Physiology, 61(3), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.4077/CJP.2018.BAH587 【Human】

    Six weeks of TWK10 supplementation improved exercise endurance by approximately 27%, supporting longer-lasting performance.

  3. Huang, W.-C., Lee, M.-C., Lee, C.-C., Ng, K.-S., Hsu, Y.-J., Tsai, T.-Y., Young, S.-L., Lin, J.-S., & Huang, C.-C. (2019). Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise physiological adaptation, performance, and body composition in healthy humans. Nutrients, 11(11), 2836. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112836 【Human】

    TWK10 improved exercise endurance, increased muscle mass, and supported healthier body composition.

  4. Huang, W.-C., Chen, Y.-H., Chuang, H.-L., Chiu, C.-C., & Huang, C.-C. (2019). Investigation of the effects of microbiota on exercise physiological adaption, performance, and energy utilization using a gnotobiotic animal model. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 1906. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01906 【Animal】

    TWK10 modulated energy utilization and basal metabolism, supporting more efficient energy use.

  5. Chen, Y.-M., Liao, C.-C., Huang, Y.-C., Chen, M.-Y., Huang, C.-C., Chen, W.-C., & Chiu, Y.-S. (2020). Proteome and microbiota analysis highlight Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 supplementation improves energy metabolism and exercise performance in mice. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(7), 3525–3534. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1635 【Animal】

    TWK10 promoted fat and energy utilization, further supporting exercise performance.

  6. Lee, C.-C., Liao, Y.-C., Lee, M.-C., Cheng, Y.-C., Chiou, S.-Y., Lin, J.-S., Huang, C.-C., & Watanabe, K. (2022). Different impacts of heat-killed and viable Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise performance, fatigue, body composition, and gut microbiota in humans. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2181. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112181 【Human】

    Both viable and heat-killed TWK10 improved exercise endurance and reduced fatigue.

  7. Cheng, Y.-C., Lee, C.-C., Lee, M.-C., Hsu, H.-Y., Lin, J.-S., Huang, C.-C., & Watanabe, K. (2023). Effects of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise performance, fatigue, and muscle growth in healthy male adults. Physiological Reports, 11, e15835. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15835 【Human】

    6 weeks of heat-killed TWK10 supplementation improved grip strength, muscle mass, and exercise endurance.

  8. Liao, J.-F., Lee, C.-C., Lee, M.-C., Hsu, H.-Y., Wang, M.-F., Huang, C.-C., et al. (2025). A comprehensive approach, based on the use of Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, and human models, elucidates the impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise performance and longevity. Current Research in Food Science, 10, 101015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2025.101015 【Human】

    TWK10 demonstrated consistent benefits for physical performance and body composition across worms, mice, and humans.

Protein Absorption

  1. Lee, M.-C., Chiu, C.-H., Liao, Y.-C., Cheng, Y.-C., Lee, C.-C., Ho, C.-S., et al. (2024). Gut microbiota modulation and amino acid absorption by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 in pea protein ingestion: TWK10 boosts gut microbiota, amino acid uptake. Current Research in Food Science, 9, 100917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100917 【Human】

    TWK10 combined with pea protein increased total amino acid absorption by more than 2-fold, helping the body utilize protein more efficiently.

Healthy Aging

  1. Lee, C.-C., Liao, Y.-C., Lee, M.-C., Lin, K.-J., Hsu, H.-Y., Chiou, S.-Y., Young, S.-L., Lin, J.-S., Huang, C.-C., & Watanabe, K. (2021). Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 attenuates aging-associated muscle weakness, bone loss, and cognitive impairment by modulating the gut microbiome in mice. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 708096. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.708096 【Animal】

    TWK10 helped reduce age-related muscle weakness and bone loss while supporting cognitive function.

  2. Lee, M.-C., Tu, Y.-T., Lee, C.-C., Tsai, S.-C., Hsu, H.-Y., Tsai, T.-Y., Liu, T.-H., Young, S.-L., Lin, J.-S., & Huang, C.-C. (2021). Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 improves muscle mass and functional performance in frail older adults: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Microorganisms, 9(7), 1466. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071466 【Human】

    TWK10 supplementation improved lower-body strength by up to approximately 51% and supported mobility in older adults.

  3. Xing, G., et al. (2024). Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 含有食品の摂取が日本の健常な中高年男女の筋肉および体脂肪に及ぼす影響―ランダム化プラセボ対照二重盲検並行群間比較試験―. 薬理と治療, 52(7), 833–846. 【Human】

    TWK10 helped maintain muscle mass and lean body mass while supporting healthier body composition in middle-aged and older adults.

Metabolic Health

  1. Zheng, Y., et al. (2024). Evaluate and compare the anti-obesity effects of two probiotic preparations in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Journal of Functional Foods, 106199. 【Animal】

    TWK10 reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation caused by a high-fat diet.

  2. Chen, Y.-C., Wang, H.-Y., Ogita, F., Hung, C.-H., Kuo, C.-H., Wang, J.-P., Wang, C.-M., Hou, C.-W., & Wang, T.-Y. (2024). Effects of probiotic supplementation with high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory endurance and metabolism in middle-aged obese women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 21(1), 2425609. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2425609 【Human】

    TWK10 combined with HIIT further supported cardiorespiratory fitness and healthy body composition.

  3. Liu, T.-H., et al. (2025). Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 relieves loperamide-induced constipation in rats fed a high-fat diet via modulating enteric neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota. Food & Function. 【Animal】

    TWK10 improved intestinal transit and bowel function while modulating the gut microbiota.

Functional Research

  1. Cheng, C.-P., Tsai, S.-W., Chiu, C.-P., Pan, T.-M., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2013). The effect of probiotic-fermented soy milk on enhancing the NO-mediated vascular relaxation factors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(5), 1219–1225. 【Cell】

    TWK10-fermented soymilk promoted vascular relaxation-related activity, showing potential for vascular health.

  2. Chang, C.-J., Dai, R.-Y., Leu, Y.-L., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2015). Effects of the melanogenic inhibitor, uracil, derived from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soy milk on anti-melanogenesis in B16F0 mouse melanoma cells. Journal of Functional Foods, 17, 314–327. 【Cell】

    Bioactive compounds from TWK10-fermented soymilk reduced melanin production, showing potential for skin brightening.

  3. Liu, T.-H., Chiou, J., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2016). Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soymilk on deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertension and associated dementia in rats. Nutrients, 8(5), 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8050260 【Animal】

    TWK10-fermented soymilk improved blood pressure and cognitive performance, supporting vascular and brain health.

  4. Chuang, Y.-C., Cheng, M.-C., Lee, C.-C., Chiou, T.-Y., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2019). Effect of ethanol extract from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soymilk on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. AMB Express, 9(1), 163. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-019-0886-2 【Animal】

    TWK10-fermented soymilk extract reduced inflammation and promoted wound healing.

  5. Liu, T.-H., Lin, W.-J., Cheng, M.-C., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2020). Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soymilk improves cognitive function in type 2 diabetic rats. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 100(14), 5152–5161. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10564 【Animal】

    TWK10-fermented soymilk improved learning and memory performance in diabetic animals.

  6. Liu, T.-H., Chiang, W.-T., Cheng, M.-C., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2022). Effects of germination black soy milk fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 on anti-oxidative and anti-melanogenesis. Applied Sciences, 12(1), 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010277 【Cell / Zebrafish】

    TWK10-fermented black soymilk enhanced antioxidant activity and reduced melanin production.

  7. Liu, T.-H., Lin, W.-J., Cheng, M.-C., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2024). Exploration of the anti-photoaging mechanisms of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 in a UVB-induced mouse model. Applied Sciences, 14(20), 9497. 【Animal】

    TWK10 improved UVB-induced wrinkles and moisture loss, helping maintain healthier skin.

  8. Liu, T.-H., Hsu, Y.-H., Hsiao, R.-Y., Cheng, M.-C., Leu, Y.-L., & Tsai, T.-Y. (2025). Improved mechanism of the bioactive compounds isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soymilk in periodontal disease. Food & Function, 16(4), 1517–1533. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FO04049J 【Cell】

    Bioactive compounds from TWK10-fermented soymilk inhibited periodontal pathogens and biofilm formation.

Reproductive Health

  1. Liu, C.-Y., Chen, Y.-W., Tsai, T.-Y., Liu, T.-H., Chang, T.-C., & Tsao, C.-W. (2024). Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1008 enhances testicular function and spermatogenesis via the modulation of gut microbiota in male mice with high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Biology, 13(11), 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13110890 【Animal】

    TWK10 improved sperm quality and testicular function in obese male mice.

  2. Liu, C.-Y., Tsai, T.-Y., Liu, T.-H., Chang, T.-C., Chen, Y.-W., & Tsao, C.-W. (2024). Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1008 promotes reproductive function and cognitive activity in aged male mice with high-fat-diet-induced obesity by altering metabolic parameters and alleviating testicular oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis. Antioxidants, 13(12), 1498. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121498 【Animal】

    TWK10 improved reproductive function and cognitive performance in aged obese male mice.

Safety Validation

  1. Hsu, H.-Y., et al. (2022). Safety assessment of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 based on whole-genome sequencing, phenotypic, and oral toxicity analysis. Microorganisms, 10(4), 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040784 【Safety Assessment】

    Genome analysis, antibiotic susceptibility, and oral toxicity studies comprehensively supported the safety of TWK10.

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